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Asenapine
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| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
|---|---|
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(3aS,12bS)-5-Chloro-2,3,3a,12b-tetrahydro- 2-methyl-1H-dibenz[2,3:6,7]oxepino[4,5-c]pyrrole |
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| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 65576-45-6 |
| ATC code | N05AH05 |
| PubChem compound | 163091 |
| IUPHAR ligand ID | 22 |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C17H16ClNO |
| Mol. mass | 285.77 g/mol |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 35% sublingual |
| Protein binding | 95% |
| Metabolism | hepatic |
| Half-life | 24 hours |
| Excretion | 50% in urine, 40% in feces |
| Therapeutic considerations | |
| Pregnancy cat. | C(US) |
| Legal status | Rx only |
| Routes | sublingual |
Asenapine (Saphris) is a new atypical antipsychotic developed for the treatment of schizophrenia and acute mania associated with bipolar disorder by Schering-Plough after its November 19, 2007 merge with Organon International. Development of the drug, through Phase III trials, began while Organon was still a part of Akzo Nobel.[1] Preliminary data indicate that it has minimal anticholinergic and cardiovascular side effects, as well as minimal weight gain. Over 3000 patients have participated in clinical trials of asenapine, and the FDA accepted the manufacturer's NDA on November 26, 2007 for standard review.[2]
Contents[hide] |
Pharmacology
Asenapine shows high affinity (pKi) for numerous receptors, including the serotonin 5-HT1A (8.6), 5-HT1B (8.4), 5-HT2A (10.2), 5-HT2B (9.8), 5-HT2C (10.5), 5-HT5A (8.8), 5-HT6 (9.5), and 5-HT7 (9.9) receptors, the adrenergic α1 (8.9), α2A (8.9), α2B (9.5), and α2C (8.9) receptors, the dopamine D1 (8.9), D2 (8.9), D3 (9.4), and D4 (9.0) receptors, and the histamine H1 (9.0) and H2 (8.2) receptors.[3] It has much lower affinity (pKi < 5) for the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. Asenapine behaves as an antagonist at all receptors.[3]
Receptor |
Affinity (pKi)
[3] |
Affinity (Ki (nM))
[4] |
|---|---|---|
| 5-HT1A | 8.6 | 2.5 |
| 5-HT1B | 8.4 | 4.0 |
| 5-HT2A | 10.2 | 0.06 |
| 5-HT2B | 9.8 | 0.16 |
| 5-HT2C | 10.5 | 0.03 |
| 5-HT5A | 8.8 | 1.6 |
| 5-HT6 | 9.5 | 0.25 |
| 5-HT7 | 9.9 | 0.13 |
| α1-Adrenergic | 8.9 | 1.2 |
| α2A-Adrenergic | 8.9 | 1.2 |
| α2B-Adrenergic | 9.5 | ? (~0.25) |
| α2C-Adrenergic | 8.9 | 1.2 |
| D1 | 8.9 | 1.4 |
| D2 | 8.9 | 1.3 |
| D3 | 9.4 | 0.42 |
| D4 | 9.0 | 1.1 |
| H1 | 9.0 | 1.0 |
| H2 | 8.2 | 6.2 |
| mACh | < 5 | 8,128 |
Indications and usage
Asenapine has been approved by the FDA for the acute treatment of adults with schizophrenia and acute treatment of manic or mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder with or without psychotic features in adults.[4]
Side effects
Common side effects: (incidence at least 5% or greater and at least twice that for placebo or greater than 10% regardless of placebo rate) Akathisia, oral hypothesia, somnolence, dizziness, extrapyramidal symptoms other than akathisia, weight gain, insomnia, headache.
Rare side effects: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (Combination of fever, muscle stiffness, faster breathing, sweating, reduced consciousness, and sudden change in blood pressure and heart rate.), tardive dyskinesia.
Synthesis
J. van der Burg, U.S. Patent 4,145,434.
Reduction step is sodium in liquid ammonia.
References
- ^ "Bipolar Disorder". Clinical Trials Update (Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News): pp. 52,55. 2007-06-15.
- ^ Schering-Plough (2007-11-26). "Schering-Plough Announces Asenapine NDA Accepted for Filing by the U.S. FDA". Press release. http://www.schering-plough.com/news/news_article.aspx?reqid=1080771. Retrieved 2008-12-29.
- ^ a b c Shahid M, Walker GB, Zorn SH, Wong EH. (2009). "Asenapine: a novel psychopharmacologic agent with a unique human receptor signature.". J Psychopharmacol. 23 (1): 65–73. doi:10.1177/0269881107082944. PMID 18308814.
- ^ a b "Saphris (asenapine) prescribing information" (PDF). Schering Corporation. 2009-08-01. http://www.spfiles.com/pisaphrisv1.pdf. Retrieved 2009-09-05.
External links
- Saphris website
- Organon website
- Organon Continues With The Development Of Asenapine For Schizophrenia And Acute Mania Associated With Bipolar I Disorder
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The content of this section is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License (local copy). It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Asenapine" modified November 23, 2009 with previous authors listed in its history.
