Thigh

Thigh
MeSH	Thigh
Dorlands/Elsevier	t_09/12804725

In humans the thigh is the area between the pelvis and buttocks and the knee. Anatomically, it is part of the lower limb.

The single bone in the thigh is called the femur. This bone is very thick and strong (due to the high proportion of cortical bone), and forms a ball and socket joint at the hip, and a condylar joint at the knee.

Fascial compartments

In cross-section, the thigh is divided up into three fascial compartments. These compartments use the femur as an axis, and are separated by tough connective tissue membranes (or septa). Each of these compartments has its own blood and nerve supply, and contains a different group of muscles.

• Medial fascial compartment of thigh
• Posterior fascial compartment of thigh
• Anterior fascial compartment of thigh

Blood vessels

The arterial supply is by the femoral artery and the obturator system. The lymphatic drainage closely follows the arterial supply.

The deep venous system of the thigh consists of the femoral vein, the proximal part of the popliteal vein, and various smaller vessels; these are the site of proximal deep venous thrombosis. The venae perfortantes connect the deep and the superficial system, which consists of the saphenous veins (the site of varicose veins).

Thigh weakness

Thigh weakness can result in a positive Gower's sign on physical examination.

[show] v • d • e General anatomy of lower limbs
Buttocks and Thigh	Inguinal ligament • Obturator membrane • Femoral ring • Femoral canal • Femoral sheath • Femoral triangle • Adductor canal • Adductor hiatus • Fascia lata • Saphenous opening • Iliotibial tract • Fascial compartments of thigh (Anterior, Medial, Posterior)
Cnemis (anatomic leg)	Popliteal fossa • Calf • Shin • Pes anserinus • Fascial compartments of leg (Anterior, Lateral, Posterior)
Foot	Heel • Plantar fascia • Toe (Hallux, Fifth toe) • Sole • Achilles tendon • Tarsal tunnel • Retinacula (Peroneal, Inferior extensor, Superior extensor)